Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
turbina
←
French
turbine
(borrowed)
←
Latin
turbinem
(derived)
←
Latin
turbō
(mention)
←
Portuguese
trovão
(doublet)
→
Portuguese
trovão
(doublet)