Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
truque
←
Spanish
truco
(cognate)
←
French
truc
(borrowed)
←
Latin
trudō
(derived)
→
Portuguese
retrucar
(mention)