Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
triste
←
Proto-Indo-European
*tréystis
(inherited)
←
Latin
trīstis
(inherited)
←
Old Portuguese
triste
(inherited)
→
Portuguese
tristonho
(suffix)
→
Portuguese
tristíssimo
(affix)