Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
terço
←
Proto-Indo-European
*tréyes
(derived)
←
Latin
tertius
(inherited)
←
Latin
trēs
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
terço
(inherited)
→
Galician
terzo
(cognate)