Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
sultão
←
Arabic
سُلْطَان
(mention)
←
Aramaic
שולטנא
(mention)
←
French
sultan
(mention)
←
Turkish
sultan
(mention)
→
Ido
sultano
(derived)
→
Portuguese
sultanato
(suffix)