Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
sono
←
Spanish
sueño
(cognate)
←
French
sommeil
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*swépnos
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*swopnos
(mention)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*swep-
(mention)
←
Italian
sonno
(cognate)
←
Latin
somnus
(inherited)
→
Spanish
sueño
(cognate)
→
Portuguese
ensonado
(confix)
→
Portuguese
soneca
(affix)