Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
seno
←
Latin
sinus
(derived)
←
Portuguese
seio
(doublet)
→
Portuguese
cosseno
(prefix)
→
Portuguese
senologia
(affix)