Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
sótão
←
Spanish
sótano
(cognate)
←
Galician
soto
(cognate)
←
Italian
sottano
(cognate)
←
Latin
subtus
(inherited)
←
Latin
*subtanus
(mention)
←
Latin
subtus
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
sotoo
(inherited)
←
Old Portuguese
sotão
(mention)
→
Spanish
sótano
(cognate)
→
Galician
soto
(cognate)