Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
raro
←
Latin
rārus
(borrowed)
←
Portuguese
ralo
(doublet)
→
Portuguese
ralo
(doublet)
→
Portuguese
raríssimo
(affix)