Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
poder
←
Latin
potens
(mention)
←
Latin
possum
(inherited)
←
Old Portuguese
poder
(inherited)
→
Spanish
poder
(cognate)
→
Papiamentu
por
(derived)
→
Portuguese
poderoso
(affix)
→
Portuguese
apoderar
(affix)
→
Portuguese
empoderar
(affix)