Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
pluma
←
Latin
plūma
(borrowed)
←
Portuguese
chumaço
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
pruma
(cognate)
→
Papiamentu
pluma
(derived)
→
Portuguese
plumagem
(suffix)