Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
pinho
←
Proto-Indo-European
*poi-
(derived)
←
Latin
pinus
(inherited)
←
Old Portuguese
pinno
(inherited)
←
Old Portuguese
pino
(mention)
→
Portuguese
pinheiro
(suffix)