Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Portuguese pensar
Latin pēnsāre (borrowed)
Latin pēnsō (mention)
Portuguese pesar (doublet)
Old Portuguese pensar (inherited)

Kabuverdianu pensa (derived)
Papiamentu pensa (derived)
Guinea-Bissau Creole pensa (derived)
Portuguese pesar (doublet)
Portuguese achar (link)
Portuguese pensativo (suffix)
Portuguese penso (back-formation)
Portuguese pensador (affix)
Portuguese pensoso (suffix)
Portuguese repensar (affix)