Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
padrasto
←
Spanish
padrastro
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*ph₂tḗr
(derived)
←
Latin
patraster
(inherited)
←
Latin
pater
(mention)