Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
melhor
←
Proto-Indo-European
*mélyōs
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*mel-
(mention)
←
Latin
melior
(inherited)
←
Old Portuguese
mellor
(inherited)
→
Portuguese
melhor idade
(mention)
→
Portuguese
melhorzinho
(affix)