Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
luta
←
Spanish
lucha
(cognate)
←
Galician
loita
(cognate)
←
Latin
luctor
(inherited)
←
Old Portuguese
luita
(inherited)
→
Galician
loita
(cognate)
→
Portuguese
lutinha
(affix)