Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
louco
←
Arabic
لاق
(derived)
←
Spanish
loco
(cognate)
←
Old Portuguese
louco
(inherited)
←
Andalusian Arabic
لَوَق
(derived)
→
Spanish
loco
(cognate)
→
Galician
louco
(cognate)
→
Portuguese
loucura
(affix)
→
Portuguese
enlouquecer
(confix)
→
Portuguese
loucamente
(suffix)
→
Portuguese
tresloucar
(affix)