Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
hindi
←
English
Hindi
(borrowed)
←
Persian
هندی
(derived)
←
Persian
هند
(mention)
←
Sanskrit
सिन्धु
(derived)