Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
gravidade
←
Proto-Indo-European
*gʷréh₂us
(derived)
←
Latin
gravitās
(borrowed)
←
Latin
gravis
(mention)
→
Portuguese
antigravidade
(affix)