Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
gentil
←
Proto-Indo-European
*ǵénh₁-
(derived)
←
Latin
gentīlis
(borrowed)
←
Latin
gēns
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
gentil
(inherited)
→
Portuguese
gentilmente
(affix)