Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
espinafre
←
Arabic
إِسْفَانَاخ
(mention)
←
Spanish
espinaca
(cognate)
←
Persian
اسپناخ
(mention)
→
Portuguese
espinafrar
(affix)
→
Portuguese
espinafrado
(affix)