Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
espesso
←
Proto-Indo-European
*spidtos
(inherited)
←
Latin
spissus
(inherited)
←
Old Portuguese
espesso
(inherited)
→
Galician
espeso
(cognate)
→
Italian
spesso
(cognate)
→
Portuguese
espessura
(suffix)