Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
escala
←
Italian
scala
(borrowed)
←
Latin
scāla
(borrowed)
←
Latin
scala
(derived)
←
Portuguese
escada
(mention)
→
Portuguese
escalar
(suffix)
→
Portuguese
escalar
(suffix)