Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
corno
←
Proto-Indo-European
*ḱerh₂-
(derived)
←
Latin
cornū
(inherited)
→
Galician
corno
(cognate)
→
Portuguese
cornada
(suffix)