Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
coalho
←
Latin
coāgulum
(inherited)
←
Portuguese
coágulo
(doublet)
←
Old Portuguese
quallo
(inherited)
→
Corsican
caghju
(cognate)
→
Portuguese
coalhada
(affix)
→
Portuguese
coágulo
(doublet)