Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
celeste
←
Latin
caelestis
(borrowed)
←
Latin
caelum
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
celeste
(inherited)
→
Portuguese
azul-celeste
(compound)