Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
cava
←
Latin
cava
(inherited)
←
Latin
cavus
(mention)
←
Portuguese
cavar
(mention)
→
Portuguese
cavaco
(affix)