Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
cagar
←
Proto-Indo-European
*kakka-
(derived)
←
Latin
cacāre
(inherited)
←
Latin
cacō
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
cagar
(inherited)
→
Portuguese
cagado
(mention)
→
Portuguese
cagada
(affix)
→
Portuguese
cagarro
(suffix)