Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
arma
←
Proto-Indo-European
*h₂(e)rmos
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*h₂er-
(mention)
←
Latin
arma
(inherited)
←
Old Portuguese
arma
(inherited)
→
Portuguese
armeiro
(suffix)
→
Portuguese
arminha
(affix)