Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
Vesúvio
←
Proto-Celtic
*ves
(derived)
←
Latin
Vesuvius
(borrowed)
←
Oscan
𐌚𐌄𐌔𐌚
(derived)
→
Portuguese
vesúvio
(mention)