Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
Bordéus
←
Latin
Burdigala
(derived)
←
Occitan
Bordèu
(borrowed)
←
Old Occitan
Bordel
(derived)