Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Polish słup
← Polish stołp (doublet)
← Proto-Slavic *stъlbъ (inherited)

→ Belarusian слуп (borrowed)
→ Polish kręgosłup (affix)
→ Polish ostrosłup (affix)
→ Polish słupek (suffix)
→ Polish prętosłup (affix)
→ Polish stołp (doublet)
→ Polish osłupieć (affix)