Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Polish
rzeczpospolita
←
Latin
rēspūblica
(calque)
←
Polish
rzecz
(affix)
←
Polish
pospolity
(affix)
→
English
Rzeczpospolita
(borrowed)