Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Polish
racjonalny
←
Latin
ratiōnālis
(borrowed)
←
Polish
-ny
(affix)
→
Polish
nieracjonalny
(prefix)
→
Ukrainian
раціональний
(cognate)