Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Polish
państwo
←
Old Polish
państwo
(inherited)
→
Polish
miasto-państwo
(compound)
→
Polish
państwowy
(affix)
→
Polish
państewko
(suffix)