Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Polish
płuco
←
Proto-Indo-European
*plew-
(root)
←
Proto-Slavic
*plūťè
(inherited)
→
English
pulmonary
(cognate)
→
Polish
płucny
(affix)