Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Polish
mać
←
Proto-Indo-European
*méh₂tēr
(inherited)
←
Proto-Slavic
*mati
(inherited)
→
Latvian
māte
(cognate)