Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Polish
kognitywny
←
English
cognitive
(borrowed)
←
Latin
cognitus
(derived)
←
Polish
-ny
(affix)
→
Ukrainian
когнітивний
(cognate)