Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Polish
gągoł
←
Czech
hohol
(cognate)
←
Polish
gęgać
(mention)
←
Russian
гоголь
(cognate)
←
Proto-Slavic
*gogolь
(inherited)
←
Ukrainian
гоголь
(cognate)
→
Polish
gągołek
(affix)