Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Polish
Białowąs
←
Polish
biały
(affix)
←
Polish
-o-
(affix)
←
Polish
wąs
(affix)
→
English
Bialowas
(borrowed)
→
English
Bialowons
(derived)
→
Polish
Biłous
(cognate)