Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Polish
Australia
←
English
Australia
(borrowed)
←
Latin
terra austrālis incōgnita
(derived)
→
Polish
australijski
(mention)
→
Polish
Australijczyk
(suffix)