Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Pali
aṅguṭṭha
←
Proto-Indo-Iranian
*Hangúštʰas
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-Aryan
*Hangúṣṭʰas
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*h₂eng-
(derived)
←
Sanskrit
अङ्गुष्ठ
(inherited)