Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Old Persian 𐏏
← Avestan 𐬠𐬏𐬨𐬌 (cognate)
← Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰúHmiš (inherited)
← Proto-Iranian *búHmiš (inherited)
← Sanskrit भूमि (cognate)

→ Avestan 𐬠𐬏𐬨𐬌 (cognate)
→ Persian بوم (inherited)
→ Middle Persian bwm (inherited)
→ Sanskrit भूमि (cognate)