Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Middle Persian tʾp̄k'
← Baluchi تہافغ (cognate)
← Proto-Indo-European *tep- (derived)
← Proto-Iranian *tāpaka- (inherited)
← Proto-Iranian *tap- (mention)
← Proto-Iranian *tap- (mention)
← Sanskrit तापक (cognate)

→ Arabic طابوق (mention)
→ Arabic طواية (derived)
→ Persian تاوه (inherited)
→ Old Georgian ტაპაკი (mention)
→ Classical Syriac ܛܒܩܐ (borrowed)
→ Old Armenian տապակ (mention)