Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Occitan
sabon
←
Proto-Germanic
*saipǭ
(derived)
←
Latin
sāpōnem
(inherited)
←
Latin
sāpō
(mention)
←
Old Occitan
sabon
(inherited)
→
Catalan
sabó
(cognate)