Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Occitan
fugir
←
Proto-Indo-European
*bʰewg-
(derived)
←
Proto-Italic
*fugiō
(inherited)
←
Latin
fugere
(inherited)
←
Latin
fugiō
(mention)
→
Catalan
fugir
(cognate)