Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Occitan
caval
←
Latin
caballus
(inherited)
←
Old Occitan
caval
(inherited)
→
Occitan
cavala
(mention)
→
Occitan
acavalar
(affix)
→
Portuguese
cavalo
(cognate)