Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Occitan
bana
←
Catalan
banya
(cognate)
←
Gaulish
*bannā
(derived)
←
Proto-Celtic
*bandā
(derived)
→
Catalan
banya
(cognate)