Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old Norse
velferð
→
English
welfare
(cognate)
→
Danish
velfærd
(inherited)
→
Norwegian Bokmål
velferd
(derived)
→
Norwegian Nynorsk
velferd
(derived)