Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Old Norse rotna

→ English rotten (cognate)
→ Westrobothnian råtn (inherited)
→ Scanian rødna (inherited)
→ Icelandic rotna (inherited)
→ Norwegian Bokmål råtne (derived)
→ Old Norse rotinn (mention)
→ Swedish ruttna (derived)